Precedent
Precedent: A prior court decision that guides or controls later cases on similar issues.
What precedent means
In practice, you will see precedent in pleadings, motions, orders and court rules. The definition above explains the general meaning. Even so, the meaning can shift with context. Therefore, always read it alongside the rule or document where it appears.
Where precedent comes up
The term is used across many kinds of cases. For example, you may see it in pleadings, motions and court orders. To see it in context, browse the motions and procedures library or the Learn the Law topics.
How to research the term
Start with the primary source. For example, if precedent appears in a federal rule, read the rule itself and its official notes. After that, check your court’s local rules and any standing orders from the judge. In addition, search recent decisions from your own state or federal district. They show how courts read precedent in practice. Because state rules often differ, our state procedures guide links to each state’s official rules. Above all, make sure the version you read is still in force.
You can read the current federal court rules online for free.
Related legal terms
- Positive law: for the United States Code, a title that Congress has enacted as law itself. Under 1 U.S.C. § 204, the text of a positive-law title is legal evidence of the law, while the other titles are prima facie evidence of the law.
- Power of sale: a clause in a mortgage or deed of trust allowing the property to be sold after default without a court proceeding, following state statutory procedures.
- Preliminary injunction: an order issued during a case, after notice, to preserve the situation until the case is decided.
- Preponderance of the evidence: the usual standard of proof in civil cases: the fact is more likely true than not.
Why precise terms matter
Legal words often look like everyday words, but they can carry a precise meaning. Because of that, a small misreading can change how you understand a deadline, a duty or a right. Our glossary keeps each definition short and links it to the procedures where it matters.
Sources
Sources last reviewed: 2026-10-23
Lawtopolis provides legal information and education, not legal advice. Using this site does not create an attorney-client relationship. Laws and court rules vary by jurisdiction and change over time; verify every authority against the official source and consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction about your situation.