General (not jurisdiction-specific)

Has several meanings. In court, a bond is security posted to protect another party or the court — for example, security the court requires before issuing a preliminary injunction or TRO (Fed. R. Civ. P. 65(c)), a bond to stay enforcement of a judgment, often while an appeal is pending (Fed. R. Civ. P. 62(b)), or a bail bond in a criminal case. In construction, surety bonds such as bid, payment and performance bonds guarantee a contractor’s obligations. In finance, a bond is a debt security issued by a government or company.

A judgment that ends the litigation on the merits and leaves nothing for the court to do but execute it. Most appeals can be taken only from final judgments.

Money awarded to compensate for a loss or injury.

A written direction or ruling by the court.

Non-monetary remedies a court may order, such as an injunction or specific performance.

To cancel or set aside a judgment or order.

An equitable remedy ordering a party to perform its contract obligations.

A judgment entered without legal power to enter it. Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 60(b)(4) lists a void judgment as a ground for relief.

Undoing a contract and restoring the parties to their positions before it was made.

A fact that could affect the outcome of the case under the governing law.