Plain meaning rule
Plain meaning rule: The canon that a court starts with the ordinary meaning of a statute's words and, if they are clear, applies them as written. As the Supreme Court put it, "courts must presume that a legislature says in a statute what it means and means in a statute what it says there" (Connecticut Nat'l Bank v. Germain, 503 U.S. 249, 253–54 (1992)).
What plain meaning rule means
In practice, you will see plain meaning rule in pleadings, motions, orders and court rules. The definition above explains the general meaning. Even so, the meaning can shift with context. Therefore, always read it alongside the rule or document where it appears.
Where plain meaning rule comes up
The term is used across many kinds of cases. For example, you may see it in pleadings, motions and court orders. To see it in context, browse the motions and procedures library or the Learn the Law topics.
How to research the term
Start with the primary source. For example, if plain meaning rule appears in a federal rule, read the rule itself and its official notes. After that, check your court’s local rules and any standing orders from the judge. In addition, search recent decisions from your own state or federal district. They show how courts read plain meaning rule in practice. Because state rules often differ, our state procedures guide links to each state’s official rules. Above all, make sure the version you read is still in force.
You can read the current federal court rules online for free.
Related legal terms
- Personal jurisdiction: a court's authority over a particular defendant.
- Persuasive authority: law or commentary a court may consider but is not required to follow.
- Petition: a formal written request to a court or other official body.
- Petitioner: the party who files a petition, such as a petition for a writ, a petition for review or a petition in family court. In the U.S. Supreme Court, the party seeking review is the petitioner.
Why precise terms matter
Legal words often look like everyday words, but they can carry a precise meaning. Because of that, a small misreading can change how you understand a deadline, a duty or a right. Our glossary keeps each definition short and links it to the procedures where it matters.
Sources
Sources last reviewed: 2026-10-24
Lawtopolis provides legal information and education, not legal advice. Using this site does not create an attorney-client relationship. Laws and court rules vary by jurisdiction and change over time; verify every authority against the official source and consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction about your situation.