Prima facie
Prima facie: Latin for "at first sight." Evidence that is sufficient, if not rebutted, to establish a fact or a claim. A prima facie case is one with enough evidence on each element to win unless the other side rebuts it. For example, the titles of the U.S. Code that have not been enacted into positive law are prima facie evidence of the law (1 U.S.C. § 204(a)); the statutes they contain are still fully binding law.
What prima facie means
In practice, you will see prima facie in pleadings, motions, orders and court rules. The definition above explains the general meaning. Even so, the meaning can shift with context. Therefore, always read it alongside the rule or document where it appears.
Where prima facie comes up
The term is used across many kinds of cases. For example, you may see it in pleadings, motions and court orders. To see it in context, browse the motions and procedures library or the Learn the Law topics.
How to research the term
Start with the primary source. For example, if prima facie appears in a federal rule, read the rule itself and its official notes. After that, check your court’s local rules and any standing orders from the judge. In addition, search recent decisions from your own state or federal district. They show how courts read prima facie in practice. Because state rules often differ, our state procedures guide links to each state’s official rules. Above all, make sure the version you read is still in force.
You can read the current federal court rules online for free.
Related legal terms
- Precedent: a prior court decision that guides or controls later cases on similar issues.
- Prejudice: harm to a party's legal rights. The word also describes whether a dismissal is final: a dismissal with prejudice bars refiling the same claim, while a dismissal without prejudice does not.
- Preliminary injunction: an order issued during a case, after notice, to preserve the situation until the case is decided.
- Preponderance of the evidence: the usual standard of proof in civil cases: the fact is more likely true than not.
Why precise terms matter
Legal words often look like everyday words, but they can carry a precise meaning. Because of that, a small misreading can change how you understand a deadline, a duty or a right. Our glossary keeps each definition short and links it to the procedures where it matters.
Sources
Sources last reviewed: 2026-10-24
Lawtopolis provides legal information and education, not legal advice. Using this site does not create an attorney-client relationship. Laws and court rules vary by jurisdiction and change over time; verify every authority against the official source and consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction about your situation.